After the peace agreement, conducted in the late 18th century, the Guaicurus moved away, but without losing the warrior identity. During the Paraguayan War, in the late 19th century, they were called upon to ally themselves to the Brazilian Empire. Up to the present, many people tell stories from this period valuing the participation of the Kadiwéu in the triumph. The story of the reserve also starts at this point.

Once the war had finished, the Kadiwéu requested as payment the lands where the reserve is currently located, on the edges of the cities of Bodoquena, Bonito, and Porto Murtinho, one of the largest ones in the country and the largest outside the Amazon. When the Figueiredo report, made in the 60's from a research among hundreds of Indian areas, and believed to be lost during the dictatorship period, was found in 2014 by the Truth Commission, it was proven that the farmers started to enter the reserve.

As proven by documents from SPI ("Serviço de Proteção ao Índio" - Indian Protection Service ) and from Justice, due to a large flood in the 50's, which flooded the farms located on the riversides. In this occasion, they requested in a letter to the SPI the right to take the lands of the Kadiwéu in exchange for cattle. From this point on, the report shows a number of complaints of corruption, cattle steal, and how the Kadiwéus were forced to concentrate in a village, leaving their nomad life behind.

"Now I have the story of my ancestors. How these farmers entered here. Sincerely, just like the lady is saying. They reached here running from the water. Who let them stay was the Indian Protection Service (SPI). They exchanged it for cattle. There was a place called Nalique where they stored the cattle. Then, went to FUNAI." (Daniel Matchua)

"Now the people themselves know that nobody benefited from such cattle. No one knows where they are. If it were true, you'd see many Indians as farmers today. For each call they used to say it was 800 thousand heads of cattle. Where did this cattle go? Nobody knows it so far.” (the first Kadiwéu to major in History)

"It's better if each farm approaches the family to address this issue. Not the value of ten Brazilian reais. 'Cause I can't pay ten Brazilian reais per head. I don't have it either. So it's a particular thing belonging to each farm".

"I haven't even thought this 'cause you're insisting from the start you didn't want money... So I was surprised by this. I was not expecting it..."

"Each farm makes agreements with the family going there. An agreement suitable for the family. For this family to assist there, to survive and help the farm to become increasingly productive". (comments by Nilda Coelho during a meeting with the Kadiwéu filmed in the relevant documentary)